Wheel Tractor Scraper (Engineering Vehicle)

The wheel tractor scraper  or a motor scraper, propelled by at least one engine and mounted on large rubber tires, consists of a bowl, which is used to haul and unload materials (topsoil that has been cut into using the scraper’s blade). Other features vary depending on the type. The material stripped from the earth by a non-self-loading scraper is loaded with the assistance of another unit, such as a crawler tractor. There are four main types of motor scrapers: standard motor, elevating, auger, and push-pull.

Standard Motor Scraper

A standard motor scraper is comprised of a bowl, an apron to drop down over a load of material in order to retain it, and an ejector to hydraulically push out the load. Due to its hydraulic system, these components can all function independently. Standard motor scrapers can vary in the number of engines, bowls, and wheels they include.

Elevating Scraper

Instead of an apron, these machines include a hydraulically- or electrically-driven elevator made of two chains equipped with a series of crossbars. The elevator’s purpose is to aid in loading material into the scraper’s elevating bowl. Dumping material is achieved by sliding the floor of the bowl backwards, the elevator can be reversed in order to assist in dumping the load evenly.

Auger

The auger is a self-loading type of scraper. Two vertical augers are mounted inside the bowl. They are hydraulically rotated, assisting in raising material into the bowl. In an auger as well as an elevating scraper, a full load is always certain—the same amount of power is needed for the first yard of material as for the last.

Push Pull

This is a system enabling the scraper to be pushed or pulled. It is achieved by coupling two standard scrapers during the loading of material. By employing this system, the machines can self-load, as the four engines’ power is used simultaneously to load each bowl in turn.